Screening results of donor blood and blood components for markers of transfusion-transmitted infections in Ukraine for the period of 2014–2020

Abstract

According to the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and Health Care of the Council of Europe, in 2016 the median of the level of HIV ½, hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers prevalence among primary donors was 3.9, 81.5, 49.8 per 100 000 donors respectively. Among the donors of Ukraine in 2016 the level of prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers was 83.3, 633.3 and 866.6 (data from the Institute of Blood Pathology and Transfusion Medicine of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv). During 2016–2020 there was registered a trend towards a decrease in the prevalence of TTI markers among donors of Ukraine – 54.4, 295.9 and 650.2 (HIV, hepatitis B and C respectively), but the level remains higher than in European countries. Among primary donors in Japan, the prevalence of HIV markers for the period 2007–2016 was 1.35 positive cases per 100,000 donors. In 2014 in some regions blood centers began to use closed systems (CLIA, ECLIA) for donor blood screening. The following reduction coefficients were calculated: the highest was registered for the HBsAg marker – 2.22; Tr. pallidum – 2.03; hepatitis C marker – 1.88 and HIV marker 1.2 –1.64. The highest coefficient indicates the highest rate of decrease of a specific TTI. A study was conducted to determine the degree of linear dependency between screening methods and the dynamics of TTI prevalence, which was calculated by the method of univariate correlation analysis (Pearson’s correlation coefficient). The existing dependency between donor blood screening methods and the level of prevalence of TTI markers was determined, which requires a revision of National strategy for screening donor blood for TTI.