Homeostasis of cholesterol in the body, mechanisms of its disorder, role of 7α-hydroxylase

  • V. K. Kazymyrko Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
  • T. S. Silantieva Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
  • A. G. Dubkova Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
  • L. N. Ivanitska Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
  • V. V. Kutovyi Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education
Keywords: cholesterol homeostasis; atherosclerosis; 7α-hydroxylase; bile acids.

Abstract

It has been shown that in humans and animals, CS homeostasis occurs in accordance with the same formula: (СSendog + CSexog) – (CSexcr + BAexcr) = 0. But in herbivores, the positive balance of CS in the body is not occurs; a person creates it by consuming animal products, high-calorie foods and substrates for the synthesis of cholesterol. Like herbivores, it does not need constant intake of cholesterol from the food, the release of which from the body in the form of bile acids is also limited by 7α-hydroxylase activity. This point of view is supported by the fact that a person's daily need for cholesterol can be met by one of its biosynthesis. The paper provides information on the role of liver cholesterol homeostasis and the transformation of cholesterol into bile acids (BA) in the disturbance of homeostasis. Hydroxylation is the only process that irreversibly removes CS from membranes and LP-complexes. For the formation of BA, 60–80 % of the total cholesterol synthesized daily in the body is spent. The rate of the 7α-hydroxylase reaction is affected by the presence of hypercholesterolemia: in experimental animals and in patients with HCS, the rate of the 7α-hydroxylase reaction of the liver is sharply reduced, the rate of conversion of cholesterol to BA and its removal from the body is reduced. A role in atherogenesis of a decrease in the rate of 7α-hydroxylation with aging in humans has been shown. The fact is underlined that the release of cholesterol in the form of bile acids reflects the rate of its synthesis in the body. The formation of BA and the excretion of cholesterol is inhibited by insufficient intake of vitamin C and unsaturated fatty acids into the human body. It is concluded that it is necessary to search for and synthesize substances that enhance the conversion of cholesterol into bile acids and its excretion from the body. The combination of stimulators of bile acid synthesis and blockers of HMG-CoA reductase can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with atherosclerosis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anichkov N. N. Chastnaya patologicheskaya anatomiya. – Vyp. 2. Serdce i sosudy. – M.; L.: MEDGIZ, 1947. – 350 p.

Illiort D. R., Konnor U. I. Narusheniya lipidnogo obmena // Endokrinologiya i metabolizm / Per. s angl.; pod red. F. Felinga, D. D. Bakstera, A. E. Brodusa, L. A. Fromena. – M.: Medicina, 1985. – 309 p.

Klimov A. N., Nikul'cheva N. G. Lipoproteidy, dislipoproteinemii i ateroskleroz. – M.: Medicina, 1984. – 168 p.

Klimov A. N. Preventivnaya kardiologiya: Rukovodstvo / Pod red. G. I. Kosickogo. – M.: Medicina, 1987. – 512 p.

Kol'man Ya., Rem K. G. Naglyadnaya biohimiya: Per. s nem. – M.: Mir, 2000. – 469 p.

Lopuhin Yu. M., Archakov A. I., Vladimirov Yu. A., Kogan E. M. Holesterinoz (Holesterin biomembran. Teoreticheskie i klinicheskie aspekty). – M.: Medicina, 1983. – 352 p.

Lucenko M. T. Gepatoenteral'naya cirkulyaciya holesterina // Byul. SO RAMN. – 2006. – T. 120, № 2. – P. 23–28.

Marri R., Grenner D., Mejes P., Roduell V. Biohimiya cheloveka: Per. s angl. – V 2 t. – M.: Mir, 2004. – T. 2. – 414 p.

Myasnikov A. L., Zajcev V. F. Vliyanie tireoidina na rasprostranenie 4-S14-holesterina pri eksperimental'nom ateroskleroze // Kardiologiya. – 1962. – № 6. – P. 31.

Myasnikov A. L., Zajcev V. F. Izmenenie soderzhaniya holesterina v tkanyah pri eksperimental'nom ateroskleroze pod vliyaniem tireoidina // Byul. eksperiment. biologii i mediciny. – 1963. – № 4. – P. 47–49.

Myasnikov A. L. Gipertonicheskaya bolezn' i ateroskleroz. – M.: Medicina, 1965. – 615 p.

Nikolaev A. Ya. Biologicheskaya himiya. – M.: OOO «Med. inform. ag-vo», 2007. – 568 p.

Okorokov A. N. Diagnostika boleznej vnutrennih organov. Diagnostika boleznej serdca i sosudov. – M.: Med. lit-ra, 2002. – T. 6. – 464 p.

Tompson G. R. Rukovodstvo po giperlipidemii. – MSD, 1991. – 255 p..

Tyuryumin Ya. L., SHanturov V. A., Tyuryumina E. Є. Fiziologiya obmena holesterina (obzor) // Byul. VSNC SO RAMN. – 2012. – T. 84, № 2, Ch. 1. – P. 153–158.

Holodova Yu. D., CHayalo P. P. Lipoproteiny krovi. – K.: Nauk. dumka, 1990. – 208 p.

Carey M. C., Duane W. C. Enterohepatic circulation: The Liver, Biology and Pathobiology; 3 rd ed. / Eds. I. M. Arias, J. L. Boyer, N. Fausto et al. – N.-Y.: Raven Press, 1994. – P. 719–767.

Cooper A. D. Plasma lipoprotein metabolism. Bile Acids-Cholestasis-Gallstones. Advances in Basic and Clinical Bile Acid Research / Eds. H. Fromm, U. Leuschner. Kluwer, Dordrecht. – 1996. – Р. 97–126.

Glickman R. M., Sabesin S. M. Lipoprotein mеtabolism: The Liver, Biology and Pathobiology; 3 rd ed. / Eds. I. M. Arias, J. L. Boyer, N. Fausto et al. – Raven Press, N. Y., 1994. –260 p.

Hofmann A. F. Bile Acids: The Liver, Biology and Pathobiology; 3rd ed. / Eds. I. M. Arias, J. L. Boyer, N. Fausto et al. – N.–Y.: Raven Press, 1994. – P. 677–718.

Hofmann A. F. Bile secretion and the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids: Sleisenger and Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management; 6 th ed. / Eds. M. Feldman, B. F. Scharschmidt, M. H. Sleisenger. – WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 1998. – P. 937–948.

Kanasawa T. Protective effects of soy protein on the peroxidasability of lipoproteins in cerebrovascular disease // J. Nutr. – 1995. – P. 125, 639.

Potter S. M. Soy protein and serum lipids // Curr. Opin. Lipidol. – 1996. – P. 7, 260.

Verkade H. J., Havinga R., Kuipers F., Vonk R. J. Mechanism of biliary lipid secretion: Bile Acids in Gastroenterology: Basic and Clinical Advances / Eds. A. F. Hofmann, G. Paumgartner, A. Stiehl. – Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. – 1996. – P. 230–246.

Vlahcevic Z. R., Hylemon P. B., Chiang J. Y. L. Hepatic cholesterol metabolism; 3 rd ed.: The Liver, Biology and Pathobiology. Eds. I. M. Arias, J. L. Boyer, N. Fausto et al. – Raven Press, N.-Y. – 1994. – P. 379–389.


Abstract views: 117
PDF Downloads: 82
Published
2021-05-25
How to Cite
Kazymyrko, V. K., Silantieva, T. S., Dubkova, A. G., Ivanitska, L. N., & Kutovyi , V. V. (2021). Homeostasis of cholesterol in the body, mechanisms of its disorder, role of 7α-hydroxylase. Likars’ka Sprava, (1-2), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.31640/JVD.1-2.2021(4)
Section
Current article